Roller bearing



June 15 1926,

c. w. CHISHOLM ROLLER BEARING -3 Sheets-Sheet; l"

Filed Jan. 5. 192a I'INII/ENTOR.4 m 1 a:

i ATTORNE Ji -1s 1926. v 1,588,446 7 C; W CHISHOLM ROLLER BEARING Filed Jan. 5 1923 45 sheets-sheet"zh ATTORNEY;

2/ yfii a I V June 15 ,11926. 1588,446

RRRRRRRRRRR NG STATES- 'PATENrf torsion.

CHARLES W. GHISHOLM, OF EAST ORANGE, NEW J ASSIGNO'R TO ORANGE BEARING COMPANY, ORANGE, NEW- JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

ROLLER BEARING.

Application filed January 5, 1923. Serial No. 610,762

My invention relates to rollerbearings and while particularly directed to tapered roller bearings, some of the features ofthe inven v tion'are also applicable to other types of' roller bearings.

The principal object of my invention is to provide an improved cage especially ".dQ- signed for tapered roller bearings, although some features thereof are also applicable to] cages for other types of roller bearings.- My co-pending application Serial No.'105,- 946, filed May 1, 1926 and entitled Production of cages for roller bearings, is a division of the present application and describes and claims-an improved method and an improved apparatus for producing cages of the type herein described. Another object of my invention is to provide in a tapered roller bearing an improved arrangement preventing the formation of ridges or grooves on the bearing surface of the outer conical raceway or cup which would interfere with such adjustments of the hearing as are necessary to take up or com-- pensate for wear or looseness.

A further object of my invention 1s to providean improved construction and arrangement for'roller bearings of the type wherein a plurality of rollers are maintained in .proper position bymeans of'a cage, whereby substantially all vibration in the bearing and chattering of the rollers are eliminated, and whereby the parts Will'wear uniformly, so that the bearing will run very smoothly and the friction noise and wear resulting from the, operation thereof will be reduced to a minimum.

Other objects and features of my invention will be hereinafter more fully described and claimed.

In order that my invention may be more clearly understood, attention is directed to the drawings accompanying and forming part of this specification and. in which Figure 1 is a view in end elevation of one form of a roller bearing in accordancewith my invention, a part of the bearing being shown in section on line 11 of Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is a view in side elevation of the bearing shown in Fig. 1, a part of the bearing being shown in section on line 22 of Fig. 3 is a plan view of the roller cage of the bearing shown in Figs. 1 and 2, before the separate end ring is applied thereto;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken on line F'g. 5 is an enlarged fragmental, sectional view of the roller cage ,of the bearing shown in Figs. 1 and 2, illustrating the manner in which the separate end ring is secured to the cage;

Fig. 6 is a planview of the separate end ring forthe cage ofthebearing shown in Figs. 1 .and 2, and Fig.- 7 is a central, secbeing partly broken away;

Fig. 9 is a sectional view taken on line.

99 of Fig. 8; Fig. 10 is an enlarged fragmental sectional view of the roller cage shown in Figs. 8 and9, illustrating the manner in which the;

separate end ring is securedfto the body portion of the cage. Fig. 11 is an enlarged fragmental plan view of the separate end ringof the cage shown'in Figs. 8 and 9; I

Fig. 12 is a sectional view taken on line 1212 ofFigpll;

Fig. 13 is, an enlarged fragmental, sec-' tional View of the roller bearing shown in Figs.- 1 and 2;

Fig. 14 is a plan viewof the body portion 7 of still another form of cage which may be employed inplace of the roller cage of the bearing shown in Figs. 1 and 2;

Fig. 15 is a sectional view, shown some what diagrammatically, of the apparatus which I prefer to employ for performing certain steps in my improved method of producing cages for tapered roller bearings of the type disclosed herein; and

Fig. 16, is a sectional view taken at right angles to Fig. 15. I

Referring'to the drawing and especially to Figs. 1 and 2, the tapered roller bearing shown therein comprises ani'nner annular bearingmember or cone ,1, an outer bearing member'or cup 2 having a-conical bearing surface, an annular series of conical rollers 3 interposed between the cone 1 and cup 2 and a conical cage 4' in which the. rollers 3 are mounted and which maintains the latter properly aligned and spaced about the axis outer or larger end with an annular enlargement or flange 5. The. inner face or shoulder of the flange 5 is bevelled, and'preferably a circumferential groove 6 is formed at i this is also true of the bearings shown in compensate'for wear or looseness.

the other figures, is'of the three-unit type, that is, neither the cone 1 nor the cup 2 have the rollers 3 permanently assembled therewith, the rollers being carried by the cage 42 and'the cage and rollers constituting a third unit of the bearing. Accordingly, my bearing is extremely simple to assemble and disassemble and maybe readily taken apart for inspection and repair or replacement of parts. however, that many of the features of my invention are equally applicable to the'usual two-unit types of tapered roller bearings, some features thereof also being applicable to still other types of bearings.

The rollers 3 are preferably of such length that the conical bearing surfaces of the rollers at the smaller end portions of the latter extend beyond or overlap the smaller endof the conical bearing surface of the cup 2, that is, the end of said surface of the cup having the smaller diameter, as clearly indicatedat A in Fig. 13. Accordingly, in .the' operation of the bearing, grooves or ridges will not be formed on the conical bearing surface of the cup 2 by the small ends of the rollers 3.- This is an important feature for, in consequence, the 'cone 1, rollers 3 and cage at may be readily adjusted to the right, looking at Figs. .1 and 13, with respect to the cup 2 to take up or The cup 2 is preferably formed between the smaller end'of the conical earing surface thereof and the adjacent end of the cup with an inner annular surfaceportion, preferably a cylindrical surface portion B, extending outwardly at an angle to said conical bearing surface, which is not engaged by the rollers 3, and which extends beyond or overlaps the corresponding ends of the rollers 3, the cone 1 and the cage-4. The 0011- struction described results in a bearing ofcompact arrangement and of neat-appeal? ance, and renders it diflicult for dirt and other forelgn matter to gain access to and accumulate on the raceways of therone'l and cup 2 or on the bearing surfaces of the rollers;

The cage 4, in the form of bearing shown in Figs. 1 and 2, comprises the two conical,

It is to be distinctly understood,

inclined rings or annular end pieces 8 or 9 "and an annular series of spaced bridges 10 the ring 9 is separate from such body portion' but is rigidly secured thereto by reduced integral extensions on thefree ends of the bridges 10 in the form of pins 12 which extend through holes 13 in the ring 9 and are upset at their ends intoclose 30 clamping engagement with the walls of countersunk portions 13' of the holes. The opposing faces of adjacent bridges 10 are hollowed out or concaved, and each pair of the opposed edges of suchbridges are spaced 35 apart a distance less than the diameter of the rollers for which the cage is designed. ccordingly, the-rollers are insertable'into the sockets only from the ends thereof opposite theend ring 8. After the rollers are thus inserted in the sockets 11, the ring 9 is secured to the free ends of the bridges 10, rollers 3 arecapable of rotating freely in their sockets, 'they will be securely held against lateral displacement fromthe .cagei I A cage of this construction is veryrugged and strong and insures the rollers being I maintained properly aligned and spaced in the-bearing.

The cage 4:, illustrated in- Figs. 8 .to 12, is quite similar to the cage ishown in Figs: 1 to 7, differing therefrom only the manner in which the ring 9', corresponding to the ring 9 of the cage 4, is, secured to the east bronze body portion of the cage comprising the rin'g 8 and the bridges 10'. Instead of providingthe bridges 10 at their free ends with reduced extensions in the form of pins as the cage shown in Figs. 1 to 7, each of these bridges is provided at its free end and at the innerand outer edges thereof with a pair ofspaced, substantially' rectangular reduced projections 14-. The ring 9, after the rollers 3 have been inserted or disposed in the sockets 11" of the cage, is seated against the ends of the bridges 10 between the extensions 14. This ring is provided in its opposite edge portions with rectangular notches 15 with which the projections 14 are respectively engaged. The bottom walls of the notches 1 5 are inclined or tapered as indicated at 16 and the projections M which closely fit said notches, are forced or spun towards each other into firm engagement with said, walls. The projections 14 will, therefore, be in clamping engagement with the ring 9 and serve to rigidly secure or clam h flat er to the. b y P it r of the w a as described. Therefore, while" the v i opposite another roller and its socket. It is common practice to space and arrange the rollers as just described. The operation. of

* bearings of the type disclosed herein usually results in considerable vibration of the parts and chattering of the rollers; and in the continued operation of such a hearing, it is generally found that the raceways of the 1nner and outer bearing members wear unevenly. I have discovered that these objectionable features, which-are well recognized, are almost entirely due to the spacing and arrangement of the rollers in the manner above described. I have also discovered that the objectionable features referred to may be practically eliminated by spacing the rollers unevenly about the'axis of the bearing and arranging the rollers,so that no two are diametrically opposite. I preferably employ a roller cage having a body portion such as shown in- Fig. 14.;for holding the rollers so spaced and arranged. The construction of the cage 1", shown in Fig. 14,

l is similar to that of the cage shown in Fig.

3, except that the bridges 10. are of various widths and so arranged that the roller sockets 11 are unevenly spaced about the axis of the cage with no two sockets diametrically opposite. Obviously, a roller cage of this construction may be employed in a bearing 7 such as shown in Figs. 3, 4, 8 and 9. For

reasons explained above, I consider it preferable where my improved bearing is to be used under certain conditions, to provide the same with a roller cage of the construction illustrated in Fig. 14 rather than with either of the other forms of roller cages disclosed and described herein.

In producing each of the forms of roller cages shown and described, the body portion of such cage consisting of the end ring 8, 8 or 8 and the bridges 10, lOor 10", extending longitudinally from such end ring, is first made in cylinddical form, as by casting the same in one piece of suitable metal, preferably bronze.' The body portion of the cage shown in Figs. 3 and 4 is illustrated in this cylindrical form in full lines in Fig. 15. This cylindrical body portion is. then expanded or pressed to the desired tapered or conical shape, after which it is properly finished and machined. The rollers are then inserted in the sockets and the end ring, secured to the free ends of the bridges. For expanding or pressing the body portion of vwards or away from each other.

the cage to conial form I preferably employ the apparatus shown' in Figs. 15 and 16, which is similar toa punch press and comprises the stationary die member 17 and a reciprocatory conical die member 22 WlllCll is coaxial, with a cylindrical opening 20 through the die member17. The die mem-- ber 17 is provided with a conical recess 18 conforming togthe desired shape of the finish ed' cage, and at the base of this recess with a n annular inclined seat or shoulder 19 conformingto the inclination of the ring or end piece Set the finished cage. To expand or pressthe cylindrical body portion of the cage to conical form, the latter is disposed.

within the recess 18 as illustrated, and the conical die member 22 is then moved downwardly with respect to the die member 17 portion of the cage firmly against the walls of the recess 18.and the seat 19 to the desired conical shape, as-illustrated in dotted lines. The die 22 is then raised and the body portion 4 is removed from the die member 17 and finished by reaming out the roller sockets 11 and machining the end,

ring 8. 'During the expanding of the cylindrical body portion ofthe cage to conical form, as described, the bridges 10 are maintained properly spaced and alignedas by being held against relative displacement topreferably accomplished by means of longitudinal ribs or projections 21 formed on the die member 17 and extending inwardly from the surface of the conical recess 18 thereof, which during the expanding of the body portion of the cage, respectively engage closely between the bridges 10. The

reciprocatory die member 22,may also be and preferably is provided with a series of similar ribs or projections 23 extending outwardly therefrom, which likewise respectively engage between the bridges '10 when the.

die 22 is forced downwardly within the body portion of the cage to expand the latter.

' Obvi0usly,. when a body portion of a cage ofthe type shown in Fig. 14 is expanded to the desired conicalform. the ribs-or pro v jections 17 and 22 on the die members will be spaced to correspond with the spacing of the roller sockets 11". j It is to be understood that the specific forms of roller bearings, and also the method of producing roller cages for such bearings, and the apparatus for carrying out certain steps of such method, disclosed herein, are subject to many changes and'modi-v .fications without any departure from the spirit of the invention or the scope of the appended claims. 1

I claim A cage'for tapered roller bearings comprismg a body portion consisting of a single This is 1 heavy integral casting and having an annular end p1ece and spaced bridges extending therefrom providing roller sockets therebetween, the rollers for which the cage is adapted being insertable into said .sockets only from the end thereof-opposite said annular end piece, said body portion being cast in substantially cylindrical-form and expanded to the desired conical shape prior to insertion of the rollers into the sockets by a dieing operation in which the body portionby the forming die appacal cage comprising a body portion formed of an integral heavy casting disposed be-- tween v said cup and cone and having spaced bridges providing roller sockets therebetween, and conical rollers disposed in said sockets for engagement with the bearing sur- .faces of the cup and cone, said rollers being insertable into said sockets only from an end thereof, said cage being expanded from a substantially cylindrical form to the desired into the sockets thereof by a dieing operation in which the cage is engaged only by the forming die apparatus.

This specification signed this 27th day .of Dec. 1922.

' CHARLES W. oHIsI-IoLM.

' conical shape prior to insertion of the; rollers 

